REAL Numbers - Version 2.0 TAPE.TXT ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright 1993 BU Systems Company PO Box 806, Ashland, OR 97520 Phone: 503-482-9541 CONTENTS ------------------- 1. Program Features 2. Examples 3. Version History This document provides an overview of REAL Numbers (TAPE.ZIP or TAPEX.EXE self-extracting archive). REAL Numbers is a general purpose business, scientific, and formula calculator. Overlappping windows display scrolling tapes that can be edited, saved, and printed. The program combines the ease of use of a desktop calculator with powerful spreadsheet-like capabilities. REAL Numbers is useful for a wide range of financial, technical, home, and school applications. REAL Numbers can be used for managing a checkbook or for business accounting, and for myriad other uses. PROGRAM FEATURES ---------------- * Up to 15 unlimited length scrolling tapes in overlappping windows. Actual maximum tape length is limited by computer memory and complexity of the tape. About 8,000 lines is typical capacity for 640kb. It runs well on floppy systems with 256kb. * A text column in each tape for notations and labels alongside the computations. * Over 30 built-in functions and operators: + - * / Arithmetic DL Delta percent e pi Constants RND Round % Percent ABS Absolute value ^ Power MOD Modulus S T P Subtotal, Total SQR Square root -- Finance and Business -- INV Inverse (1/x) PV Present value LOG Log base 10 FV Future value LN Log base e PVA Present value of annuity SIN Sine FVA Future value of annuity COS Cosine LAMT Loan amount TAN Tangent LPMT Loan payment ASIN Arcsine LINT Loan interest ACOS Arccosine LPER Loan payment periods ATAN Arctangent GPM Gross profit margin DTOR Degrees to radians RTOD Radians to degrees * Report writer for formatting and printing tapes. This can be used to produce documents such as balance sheets and budgets. * Evaluation of formulas and algebraic expressions with nested parentheses, such as (SQR(LOG(100))+3)*VELOCITY. * Automatic background recalculation whenever a tape line is changed. * Unlimited number of user defined named memory variables, for example "VELOCITY", "CM_INCH", or "SALES". Memory functions operate in a manner similar to memory registers found on pocket calculators. * File handling for saving, loading, and exporting tape files, including the ability to export comma delimited files for loading into spreadsheets and other programs. * Flexible setup options, including: - Ten Key calculator emulation mode. - Negative values with leading minus, trailing minus, or parentheses. - Rounding up, down, or to nearest digit, from 0 to 18 decimal places. - Decimal position can be fixed or floating, or placed automatically. * Pull-down menus and over 50 help screens, including a complete online hypertext style reference manual. EXAMPLE #1 ---------- Mathematical operators and functions (actual tape output): --- Labels Column --- --- Tape Column --- Add a column of numbers:+ 123,456,789.12 + 2.22 + 3.33 Subtotal = 123,456,794.67 Reverse sign (line 7)= 123,456,794.67- C Algebraic expression = (1+2+3)*5 Add that to the subtotal+ 30.00 Add 5% of that + 5% Subtotal (line 12)= 31.50 Line 7 + Line 12 = L7+L12 = 123,456,763.17- C Subtotals and Totals + 1.10 + 3.30 First subtotal S 4.40 + 10.00 + 30.00 Second subtotal S 40.00 + 200.00 Show and clear total T 244.40 Adding a percentage = 120+5% = 126 Multiply by percentage = 120*5% = 6 --- MATH FUNCTIONS ---- Square Root = SQR(2) = 1.414214 Modulus = MOD(33,17.5) = 15.5 Logarithm base e = LN(e^e)/e = 1 Delta Percent Change = DL(100,150) 50% increase = 0.5 ---- TRIGONOMETRIC ---- Sine = SIN(pi/2) = 1 Arc Tangent = ATAN(1) = 0.785398 Sine of an angle = SIN(DTOR(90)) given in degrees = 1 EXAMPLE #2 ---------- Business and financial functions (actual tape output): --- Labels Column --- --- Tape Column --- Present Value of $1,000 = PV(1000,7.2%,10) in 10 years @ 7.2% = $ 498.944393 Future Value of Annuity = FVA(100,6%,10) $100 for 10 years, 6%= $ 1,318.079494 Loan Amount, 30 years, = LAMT(877.58,10%/12,30*12) 10%, $877.58/month = $ 100,000.96 Loan Payment per month = LPMT(100000,10%/12,30*12) $100,000, 10%, 30 yrs= $ 877.57 Gross Profit Margin + $ 1,000.00 20% profit margin + GPM(1000,20%) Retail price = $ 1,250.00 EXAMPLE #3 ---------- This example shows an algebraic expression. Note the use of the memory variables "XYZ", and "FUDGEFAC". Memory variables are set with the F6 key (supported memory operators: M+, M-, M=, MC). INV(SQR(ABS(-3*7))+SIN(XYZ)^3)*(FUDGEFAC+4.1%) EXAMPLE #4 ---------- This example shows a checkbook, including bank reconciliation and an expense account summary, formatted with the REAL Numbers report writer. 08/01/92 Checking Acct# 12511-4049 Page: 1 Pacific Western Bank October Farm Account -------------------- 10/01 OPENING BALANCE $ 1,219.22 10/03 1344 Acme Supply / Fertilizer 823.56- 10/03 1345 Joe's Tractor Repair 124.50- 10/04 1346 VOID 0.00 10/04 1347 4 Corners Tool Shed 18.50- 10/04 DEPOSIT - COOP Grain Advance 3,725.00 10/07 1348 Sanchez, Cohen & Smith 137.18- 10/09 1349 Mechanics Bank 206.97- 10/11 1350 Property Tax 1,985.00- 10/12 1351 Acme Supply / Pallets 359.20- 10/13 DEPOSIT - Johnson pasture rent 750.00 10/13 1352 Transfer to personal acct 950.00- 10/15 1353 Central Hardware / Nails 17.33- 10/15 1354 North State Power 87.88- 10/18 DEBIT - Bank Service Fee 12.50- 10/20 1355 County Grain Haulers 195.50- 10/25 1356 Bouchard's Insurance 110.24- ------------- 10/27 ENDING BALANCE $ 665.86 ============= BANK RECONCILIATION 10/18 Bank Balance 1,348.13 Uncleared Checks and Deposits 376.53- ------------- Adjusted Balance 971.60 10/18 Book Balance 971.60- ------------- Difference 0.00 ============= OCTOBER SUMMARY Debt Payments $ 206.97- Personal draw 950.00- Fertilizer 823.56- Insurance 110.24- Professional Fees 137.18- Repairs 141.83- Supplies 377.70- Taxes 1,985.00- Hauling and Transportation 195.50- Bank Fees 12.50- Utilities 87.88- ------------- Total Expenses $ 5,028.36- Opening Cash Balance 1,219.22 Receipts 4,475.00 Ending Cash Balance $ 665.86 ============= VERSION HISTORY --------------- VERSION 2.0 (and 1.1A) ---------------------- 1) New streamlined and simplified memory variable window. Memory functions operate in a manner similar to memory registers found on pocket calculators. Memory variables can be given useful names such as "SALES" or "VELOCITY". 2) New file name and directory lookup dialog for entering file names and navigating directories. 3) New Ten Key calculator emulation mode for fast data entry. This feature is selectable on the Setup Menu. 4) Tapes now display calculated results rather than formulas except in the edit window, similar to the way spreadsheets typically work. The new default behavior can be reversed with a selection on the Setup Menu. Users may want to change existing tape files to display formulas in the prior manner. 5) New shortcut menu accelerator keys can be used to jump to the menu bar. The Alt key combinations are: Alt/F (Files menu), Alt/T (Tape menu), Alt/S (Setup menu), and Alt/R (Report menu). 6) There are two new report writer commands for overriding the numeric format: !FD to set the number of digits after the decimal point and !F to display with a floating decimal format. 7) There are numerous improvements in the user interface, including better use of color, a new end-of-tape marker, and other refinements. 8) Help screens have been expanded and reorganized with more examples and better assistance for new users. 9) The 'TS' operator is replaced by a new 'P' operator to print out the running total. This complements the 'S'ubtotal and 'T'otal operators. 10) Type ahead in the menus is allowed now, so that automated scripts can be created (with Desqview, etc.). 11) Insert mode (from pressing the Insert key) now remains set in the tape Edit Window after moving to another line. 12) The Home and End keys are now used to move the cursor to the beginning or end of the line being edited. 13) A problem with the cosine function in certain cases has been fixed. 14) A problem when entering memory variable names has been fixed. The last character in the input window is now capitalized. 15) A problem with the display when closing the Edit Window has been fixed. This problem occurred with short (less than full height) tape windows. 16) The startup identification screen is not displayed in the registered version. 17) There is an order form file (ORDERME.DOC) that can be printed and filled in for registration convenience. VERSION 1.10 ------------ 1) New File menu Export selection to save a tape in a file format that can be imported into Lotus spreadsheets, as well into many other popular programs. 2) New 'T'otal, 'S'ubtotal, and 'TS' operators. 'S'ubtotal displays and clears the subtotal. 'T'otal displays the sum of previous subtotals and clears the total. The 'TS' operator displays the total without clearing it (note 'TS' is replaced by 'P' operator in 2.0). 3) New Tape menu Clear selection that clears the lines from a tape, while retaining the setup and configuration options. 4) A problem with Automatic Decimal placement in numbers has been fixed. Use the 'D'ecimal selection on the Setup menu to turn on the automatic decimal feature. 5) A problem with line value references has been fixed. Line values allow you to use the value from another line. For example, L17 refers to the value of line 17. 6) Performance improvements, including better use of background recalculation. 7) The Help screens have been expanded and reorganized with more examples and better assistance for new users. 8) The demonstration tapes (DEMO1, DEMO2, DEMO3) have been modified to use the new features in this release. 9) The program now remembers whether the Edit Window in the tape is open when you move between the tape and the menu. 10) The print file name for writing a report to a file can be changed at the point of starting the report, rather than having to go to the Report menu Options Setup selection first. 11) The GPM (gross profit margin) function now works for mark downs (with a negative percentage), as well as for mark ups.